1.绪论

1.1数据结构的基本概念

1.

image-20251013221010748

image-20251013221025598

2.

image-20251013220847495

image-20251013220910092

1.2.算法与算法评价

1.

image-20251013221328709

image-20251013221352211

2.

image-20251013222021885

image-20251013222048241

3.

image-20251013222713844

image-20251013222651194

2.线性表

2.1线性表的定义和基本操作

1.

image-20251014204350321

image-20251014204415242

2.2线性表的顺序表示

1.

image-20251014205426493

image-20251014205632667

image-20251014205644976

2.

image-20251014205508184

image-20251014205825873

3./4.

image-20251014205552393

image-20251014205912989

2.3线性表的链式表示

1.

image-20251014221536550

A;注意节点内

2.

image-20251014221609591

image-20251014222118015

3.

image-20251014221646248

C

4.

image-20251014221805369

选项C:头结点的指针域与L的值相等
  • 解释:在循环单链表中,L是指向头结点的指针。如果链表为空,那么头结点是链表中唯一的节点,它的next指针(即指针域)应该指向自己,因为链表中没有其他节点可以指向。因此,如果头结点的指针域(next)与L的值相等,这意味着L指向的节点的next指针也指向L所指向的节点,形成一个指向自己的循环,这是空循环链表的定义。

  • 图示

    1
    L -> 头结点 -> 头结点 (next 指向自己)
选项D:头结点的指针域与L的地址相等
  • 解释:这个选项描述的情况实际上是不可能发生的。在C或C++等语言中,变量(如指针)的地址是一个内存地址,而指针变量的值是它所指向的内存地址。头结点的指针域(next)存储的是下一个节点的地址,而不是L这个指针变量的地址。L是一个独立的指针变量,它的地址与它所指向的任何节点的地址都是不同的。因此,头结点的指针域不可能与L的地址相等。

5.

image-20251014221834260

A

6.

image-20251014221853306

image-20251014221913344

image-20251014223206842

image-20251015100004547

7.

image-20251014221930574

image-20251015095948523

8.

image-20251014221944695

image-20251015100027525

3.栈,队列,数组

3.1栈

1,9,21,23,29

tips:

image-20251021100147594

1.

image-20251017190602262

B。线性结构

2.

image-20251017193844894

C

3.

image-20251017195305139

image-20251017195504379

4.

image-20251017195321606

image-20251017195552484

5.

image-20251017195335769

image-20251017195936948

上溢:写满了还往里面写

下溢:读空了还往外面读

3.2队列

5,6,9,11,12,15,16,21

1.

image-20251017200703868

image-20251017202057162

2.

image-20251017200803081

image-20251017202306359

image-20251017202316590

tips:

image-20251017202333567

3.

image-20251017200818949

image-20251017202411239

4.

image-20251017200837107

image-20251017202444730

5.

image-20251017200853954

image-20251017200905461

image-20251017202534742

6.

image-20251017200926379

image-20251017202614911

7.

image-20251017200942657

image-20251017202706668

tips:选项要看全看完,比较出最优的

8.

image-20251017201005270

image-20251017202856727

真题:

image-20251017205246751

image-20251017205318614

3.3栈与队列的应用

6,13,16

1.

image-20251017205629531

C

2.

image-20251017205658417

image-20251017210137289

3.

image-20251017205712962

image-20251017210326984

真题:

image-20251017210653457

image-20251017210705936

image-20251017210625568

image-20251017213811168

image-20251017213837343

image-20251017213851560

tips:

11题

image-20251017213956445

image-20251017214007316

3.4数组与特殊矩阵

4,10,13,14

1.

image-20251017214124920

D

2.

image-20251017214228809

image-20251017214426622

3.

image-20251017214140201

image-20251017214548765

tips:数组从0开始计数

4.

image-20251017214150717

image-20251017214819461

真题:

image-20251017215018608

image-20251017215155919

image-20251017215656313

image-20251017215229967

image-20251017215727383

image-20251017215640050

4.串

4.2串的模式匹配

11.12,13

1.

image-20251017215952299

image-20251017220003404

image-20251018225335869

2.

image-20251017220020390

image-20251018225346872

3.

image-20251017220035011

image-20251018225359614

5.树与二叉树

5.1树的基本概念

1.

image-20251017220303292

image-20251017220500746

image-20251017220511463

2.

image-20251017221030529

image-20251017221050100

5.2二叉树的概念

2,16,19,23,29

1.

image-20251020133229812

image-20251020204313602

2.

image-20251020133335873

image-20251020204248788

3.

image-20251020133349781

image-20251020212128602

4.

image-20251020133405367

image-20251020212228185

5.

image-20251020133417143

image-20251020212245215

真题:

image-20251020213541879

image-20251020213552783

image-20251020213621061

image-20251020213845047

5.3二叉树的遍历和线索二叉树

4,10,12,13,21,23,27,28,31,36与32,37,40

1.

image-20251020212604998

image-20251020214338127

2.

image-20251020213919378

image-20251020214532019

3.

image-20251020213934162

image-20251020214658703

前序:中左右;

中序:左中右

4.

image-20251020213947302

image-20251020214920882

image-20251020214933143

5.

image-20251020214002726

image-20251020214012162

image-20251020215554024

6.

image-20251020214029311

image-20251020215612324

7.

image-20251020214044307

image-20251021094557782

8.

image-20251020214056577

image-20251021094536789

image-20251021094547496

9.

image-20251020214106937

image-20251021094710907

10.

image-20251020214121567

image-20251021095057217

11.

image-20251020214133117

image-20251021095543209

image-20251021095554127

12.

image-20251020214221295

image-20251021102449423

image-20251021102500999

13.

image-20251020214232920

image-20251021102658140

真题:

image-20251021103307380

image-20251021103529390

image-20251021103555336

image-20251021103611776

5.4树,森林

1,5,8

1.

image-20251021103734077

image-20251021110714503

image-20251021110730297

2.

image-20251021103747900

image-20251021110950310

3.

image-20251021103810094

image-20251021111116602

真题

image-20251021143856924

image-20251021141356267

image-20251021142902634

image-20251021143606196

image-20251021143749250

image-20251021143910478

image-20251021144156143

image-20251021144221551

5.5树与二叉树的应用

2,3,12,13,18,21

1.

image-20251021145111523

C

2.

image-20251021145123088

B

3.

image-20251021145142935

image-20251021151024716

4.

image-20251021145155855

image-20251021151639825

5.

image-20251021145213931

image-20251021145224315

image-20251021151914520

6.

image-20251021145234625

image-20251021152000161

真题

image-20251021152734513

image-20251021152810781

image-20251021152821613

image-20251021152839031

附: $n_0=n_2+1$

证明:$n_0+n_2=2n_2+1$;左侧为节点数,右侧为连接数加一,二者相等

image-20251021152914865

image-20251021153530791

image-20251021153542039

6.图

6.1图的基本概念

1,4,6,7,11

1.

image-20251021155855589

image-20251021155911987

image-20251022191312457

2.

image-20251021215109693

image-20251022191753412

3.

image-20251021215121825

image-20251022192006998

4.

image-20251021215135587

image-20251022192321417

5.

image-20251021215152012

image-20251022192518104

真题:

image-20251022193006156

image-20251022193016409

image-20251022193041382

image-20251022193120901

6.2图的存储及基本操作

4,8

1.

image-20251021215250328

image-20251022202648017

2.

image-20251021215302946

image-20251021215312739

image-20251022202731668

6.3图的遍历

2,3,4,7,13,17

1.

image-20251021215353712

image-20251021215405606

image-20251022220102300

2.

image-20251021215429845

image-20251022221641431

image-20251022221715788

3.

image-20251021215444163

image-20251022221749405

4.

image-20251021215505742

image-20251022222029684

C:应为 a,e,b,d,f,c

5.

image-20251021215523141

image-20251022222144770

image-20251022222200682

6.

image-20251021215535126

image-20251022222407736

6.4图的应用

1,3,4,7,11,13,14,15,16,19,24,25,28,29,31,33,34,36,39,40,41,45

1.

image-20251022223215485

A

2.

image-20251022223226559

image-20251022223238295

image-20251023100640289

3.

image-20251022223255893

image-20251023102440165

4.

image-20251022223323163

image-20251023102547828

5.

image-20251022223345683

image-20251023102644672

6.

image-20251022223405760

image-20251023102755404

7.

image-20251022223416137

image-20251023102941139

8.

image-20251022223434289

image-20251023103010897

9.

image-20251022223449860

image-20251023103437797

10.

image-20251022223516124

image-20251023103501408

11.

image-20251022223545063

image-20251023103601862

12.

image-20251022223603401

image-20251023103707717

13.

image-20251022223618614

image-20251023103850451

image-20251023103902955

14.

image-20251022223632320

image-20251022223642051

image-20251023104117984

15.

image-20251022223655882

image-20251023104248334

16.

image-20251022223710715

image-20251023104549875

17.

image-20251022223719470

image-20251023104639200

image-20251023104650619

18.

image-20251022223733043

image-20251023104732315

19.

image-20251022223745032

image-20251023104938208

20.

image-20251022223800509

image-20251023105106513

21.

image-20251022223813913

image-20251022223829698

image-20251023105211126

image-20251023105228139

22.

image-20251022223849136

image-20251023112433264

真题

image-20251023111817192

image-20251023112157296

image-20251023112221977

image-20251023112300516

image-20251023112330784

image-20251023112412733

7.查找

7.2顺序查找和折半查找

8,9,15,17,21,23

1.

image-20251028165017562

image-20251028165537509

2.

image-20251028165034228

image-20251028165606151

3.

image-20251028165051572

image-20251028165821613

4.

image-20251028165110987

image-20251028165904794

5.

image-20251028165127699

image-20251028170505925

6.

image-20251028165150511

image-20251028170636365

7.

image-20251028165756545

image-20251028170704849

7.3树形查找

1,9,13,15,17,18,31

1.

image-20251028171354526

image-20251028185523534

2.

image-20251028171418042

image-20251028190056280

3.

image-20251028171458367

image-20251028190211530

4.

image-20251028171511343

image-20251028190327253

5.

image-20251028171527708

image-20251028191007192

6.

image-20251028171538385

image-20251028191025109

image-20251028191054425

7.

image-20251028171605798

image-20251028193216410

image-20251028193228937

真题:

image-20251028193917029

image-20251028193927705

image-20251028194011093

image-20251028194125107

image-20251028194300486

image-20251028194500893

image-20251028194850325

image-20251028194859984

image-20251028194914988

image-20251028195039210

image-20251028195049079

image-20251028195408502

image-20251028195507439

image-20251028195701749

7.4B树与B+树

2,3,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,13,16,19,21,22,23

1.

image-20251028195842044

image-20251028214149584

2.

image-20251028201009431

image-20251028215750030

image-20251028215846189

3.

image-20251028201022897

image-20251028220340380

4.

image-20251028201035419

image-20251028220428429

5.

image-20251028201046423

image-20251028220609400

6.

image-20251028201105089

image-20251028220946711

7.

image-20251028201114107

image-20251028221903281

可以直接算,不使用公式

8.

image-20251028201127348

image-20251028222558353

9.

image-20251028201141283

image-20251028201150970

image-20251028222636915

10

image-20251028201208085

image-20251028222812814

11.

image-20251028201224690

image-20251028222959104

12.

image-20251028201237216

image-20251028223037593

13.

image-20251028201253579

image-20251028223235512

14.

image-20251028201310831

image-20251028201319951

A

image-20251028223427675

15.

image-20251028201332953

image-20251028223525656

真题:

image-20251028224036849

image-20251028224238163

image-20251028224642813

image-20251028224658518

image-20251028224711712

image-20251028224512705

image-20251028224526835

image-20251028224610038

7.5散列表

1,4,5,6,13,14,16,19,21,23

1.

image-20251028201426998

image-20251029211005140

2.

image-20251028201438411

image-20251029211020802

3.

image-20251028201453896

image-20251028201506675

image-20251029211050914

4.

image-20251028201522961

image-20251029211120658

5.

image-20251028201539687

image-20251029211158539

6.

image-20251028201554426

image-20251029211419615

image-20251029211431520

7.

image-20251028201617054

image-20251029211447561

8.

image-20251028201628782

image-20251029211715820

9.

image-20251028201653703

image-20251029212001560

image-20251029212027640

10.

image-20251028201719891

Aimage-20251029212051038

8.排序

8.1排序的基本概念

8.2插入排序

11

1.

image-20251030112938532

image-20251030112901800

2.

image-20251030113308985

image-20251030113514081

真题:

image-20251030113405688

image-20251030113629705

可以使用带入排除法

8.3交换排序

4,7,10,12,18

1.

image-20251030161132829

image-20251030161458572

2.(important)

image-20251030161257162

image-20251030161546610

3.

image-20251030161410500

image-20251030161727787

4.

image-20251030161423997

image-20251030161816844

5.

image-20251030162043624

image-20251030161441840

image-20251030161951162

image-20251030162005590

真题

image-20251030162323912

image-20251030162347091

8.4选择排序

7,9,13,16,17

1.

image-20251030162424835

image-20251030162710532

2.

image-20251030162438700

image-20251030162452077

image-20251030162821849

3.

image-20251030162513804

image-20251030163720594

4.

image-20251030162531267

image-20251030163902343

5.

image-20251030162543178

image-20251030164003729

6.

image-20251030164557707

真题:

image-20251030164631389

image-20251030164643215

image-20251030164703897

image-20251030164715194

image-20251030164737733

image-20251030164746890

image-20251030164816190

image-20251030164833932

image-20251030164902868

8.5归并排序,基数排序和计数排序

4,8,11,13

1.

image-20251030164949589

image-20251030165130133

2.

image-20251030165002975

image-20251030165922238

note:

image-20251030165948058

3.

image-20251030165025513

image-20251030170213023

4.

image-20251030165041690

D

真题:

image-20251030170747860

image-20251030170804688

image-20251030170814070

image-20251030170832954

image-20251030170847173

image-20251030170856425

image-20251030170915534

8.6内部排序的比较与应用

4,7,10,11,12,17

1.

image-20251030171541821

image-20251030171837240

2.

image-20251030171608663

image-20251030171927571

3.

image-20251030171651414

image-20251030172027262

4.

image-20251030171702346

image-20251030172047289

5.

image-20251030171717137

$I与III$

image-20251030172157593

6.

image-20251030171735174

image-20251030172309710

真题:

image-20251030172746527

image-20251030172758459

image-20251030172822753

image-20251030172918536

8.7外部排序

3,4,6,9,10,11,14

1.

image-20251030191056154

image-20251030191252056

2.

image-20251030191113383

image-20251030191408282

3.

image-20251030191126042

image-20251030191636775

4.

image-20251030191138522

image-20251030191704738

5.

image-20251030191159705

image-20251030191720362

6.

image-20251030191215560

image-20251030191755949

7.

image-20251030191235369

image-20251030192136667

真题:

image-20251030192300748

image-20251030192231005

image-20251030192242843