线性代数

0.基础

线性变化

image-20250927155659527

image-20250927155735113

image-20250927155806521

image-20250927155824249

1.行列式

image-20250927161246970

行列式的本质定义

image-20250927161400104

image-20250927161458119

image-20250927161632751

image-20250927161750039

行列式的性质

image-20250927161907208

image-20250927162010395

image-20250927162027146

image-20250927162102831

image-20250927162142358

image-20250927162221861

image-20250927162249452

image-20250927162322960

行列式的逆序数法定义

排序和逆序

image-20250927162457789

n阶行列式的定义

image-20250927163306831

行列式的展开定理

image-20250927165346402

image-20250927165408642

image-20250927165505040

几个重要的行列式

image-20250927165702674

image-20250927165827440

image-20250927170010493

具体行列式的计算(例题)

化为基本型

image-20250927170505006

image-20250927170608947

image-20250927191806591

image-20250927191910733

image-20250927191948603

image-20250927192217856

image-20250927192246815

image-20250927192333597

image-20250927192421141

递归法

image-20250927193447771

image-20250927193520159

行列式表示的函数和方程

抽象型行列式的计算

image-20250927193933856

image-20250927193947612

image-20250927194642264

image-20250927194653593

image-20250927194755752

image-20250927194848147

余子式和代数余子式的计算

image-20250927195100711

image-20250927195210529

克拉默法则

image-20250927195355020

image-20250927195542786

image-20250927195742413

2.矩阵

image-20250927195828016

矩阵的本质

image-20250927201405304

image-20250927201630528

image-20250927201707178

image-20250927201818986

image-20250927201938131

image-20250927202010671

image-20250927202052882

矩阵的定义和基本运算(例题)

image-20250927202208816

image-20250927204444134

image-20250927204916113

image-20250927204934984

image-20250927205445599

image-20250927205527517

image-20250927205548179

image-20250927205728269

image-20250927205854584

image-20250927211653416

矩阵的逆

定义

image-20250927211805848

性质

image-20250927212402510

定义法求逆矩阵

image-20250927212451234

image-20250927212540250

image-20250927212615654

image-20250927212743010

image-20250927212757635

伴随矩阵

定义

image-20250927212920177

性质

image-20250927214554131

image-20250927214622182

用伴随矩阵求可逆矩阵的逆矩阵

image-20250927214853074

image-20250927214941875

image-20250927214953378

image-20250927215028160

求伴随矩阵的方法

image-20250927215110881

image-20250927215701914

image-20250927215835115

初等变换和初等矩阵

初等变换

image-20250927221742298

初等矩阵

image-20250927221853707

image-20250927224107176

初等矩阵的性质和公式

image-20250927225603635

初等变换求逆矩阵

image-20250927234320657

image-20250927234330736

image-20250927234414766

行阶梯形矩阵与最简行阶梯形矩阵

image-20250928000217369

image-20250928000230696

简单分块矩阵的逆

image-20250928000306537

image-20250928000410470

image-20250928000524302

image-20250928000714732

image-20250928000728994

image-20250928000801520

矩阵方程

image-20250928000921022

等价矩阵和矩阵的等价标准型

image-20250928101228988

image-20250928101314818

image-20250928103631256

image-20250928103841083image-20250928104047988

矩阵的秩

image-20250928104256446

image-20250928104400642

image-20250928152422679

image-20250928152440248

image-20250928152636837

image-20250928152657925

image-20250928152912557

image-20250928104438107

image-20250928104546484

3.向量组

image-20250928104725091

前言

image-20250928105501347

image-20250928105544854

向量和向量组的线性相关性

概念

image-20250928105914138

image-20250928105931965

内积和正交

image-20250928110005032

image-20250928110234518

正交矩阵

image-20250928110343313

image-20250928110441290

向量组的线性表示和线性相关的概念

image-20250928110605150

image-20250928110638444

image-20250928110717033

判别线性相关(例题)

image-20250928110746046

image-20250928110803757

image-20250928111727498

image-20250928111759365

image-20250928111825321

image-20250928111904207

image-20250928111923953

image-20250928111958007

image-20250928112234509

image-20250928112249791

image-20250928112306295

image-20250928112401473

image-20250928112447271

image-20250928112537265

image-20250928113014470

image-20250928113029371

image-20250928113042813

image-20250928113054034

image-20250928113253075

image-20250928113356136

image-20250928113409732

image-20250928113443315

image-20250928113454361

image-20250928113536230

极大线性无关组,等价向量组,向量组的秩

极大线性无关组

image-20250928150109395

image-20250928150146152

向量组的秩

image-20250928150401032

有关秩的定理和公式

image-20250928150505348

image-20250928150525976

image-20250928151731956

image-20250928152119002

image-20250928152132869

image-20250928152344207

其余见2.矩阵的秩

等价矩阵和等价向量组

image-20250928153821895

image-20250928153849586

image-20250928154203156

image-20250928154218586

向量空间

基本概念

image-20250928154450266

基变换,坐标变换

image-20250928154538957

image-20250928154621892

image-20250928154907497

4.线性方程组

image-20250928155111460

线性方程组与向量组

image-20250928155243346

image-20250928155306511

image-20250928160142742

image-20250928161854633

齐次线性方程组

image-20250928162004898

有解的条件

image-20250928162037617

image-20250928162047797

解的性质

image-20250928162133021

解的结构

image-20250928162157808

求解方法(例题)

image-20250928163140622

image-20250928163151862

image-20250928163720948

image-20250928163747978

image-20250928163900754

image-20250928163912715

image-20250928164118274

image-20250928164127607

image-20250928165209581

image-20250928165359503

image-20250928165408288

image-20250928165449353

非齐次线性方程组

image-20250928165612764

image-20250928165624537

有解的条件

image-20250928165654319

解的性质

image-20250928170827273

求解方法

image-20250928170854600

image-20250928172552920

image-20250928173001476

image-20250928173111021

image-20250928173315637

image-20250928173324119

两个方程组的公共解

image-20250928174507169

image-20250928174644175

image-20250928174659954

image-20250928174709756

image-20250928174718094

同解方程组

image-20250928175010393

image-20250928175214288

image-20250928175257082

image-20250928175723463

image-20250928180046862

5.特征值和特征向量

image-20250928180417184

定义

image-20250928180541594

求法

image-20250928180716114

image-20250928180906389

image-20250928181035585

image-20250928181056142

image-20250928181125252

重要性质和结论

特征值

image-20250928181349536

image-20250928181512153

特征向量

image-20250928181549437

image-20250928181605590

image-20250928181618269

image-20250928193136860

image-20250928193253303

image-20250928203506927

image-20250928203515672

image-20250928203608087

image-20250928203752736

image-20250928203806115

矩阵的相似

定义

image-20250928203906708

性质

image-20250928203927749

image-20250928204058646

重要结论

image-20250928205500593

image-20250928205523897

image-20250928205602263

判别与证明

image-20250928212109350

矩阵的相似对角化

image-20250928212554015

image-20250928212645130

image-20250928212754832

image-20250928212822079

image-20250928212837481

image-20250928212920485

image-20250928213012366

image-20250928213225002

image-20250928213326149

image-20250928213658913

image-20250928213707479

image-20250928213753690image-20250928213801734

image-20250928213849624

image-20250928213902187

实对称矩阵的相似对角化

image-20250928214015242

image-20250928214140576

image-20250928214230111

image-20250928214321022

image-20250928214450427

image-20250928214512188

6.二次型

image-20250928214546635

二次型的定义及其矩阵表达式

image-20250928214625078

image-20250928214719361

image-20250928214806086

image-20250928214833802

合同变化,二次型的合同标准型,规范型

线性变化的定义

image-20250928215001906

image-20250928215012877

矩阵合同的定义和性质

image-20250928215143144

image-20250928224411071

二次型的标准型和规范型

image-20250928225453163

image-20250928225538826

image-20250928225639348

image-20250928225652923

惯性定理

image-20250928225724218

image-20250928225943792

image-20250928230015551

image-20250928230052913

image-20250928230130787

image-20250928230144337

image-20250928230212355

image-20250928230238232

image-20250928230457435

image-20250928230711699

正定二次型及其判定

image-20250928230853676

image-20250928230950656

image-20250928231004443

image-20250928231036515

image-20250928231053668

image-20250928231127541

image-20250928231201071

image-20250928231216670

image-20250928231321601

image-20250928231351405

image-20250928231444316

image-20250928231455644